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2021


Reactividad de Sólidos

Tuning the excitation wavelength of luminescent Mn2+-doped ZnSxSe1-x obtained by mechanically induced self-sustaining reaction

Aviles, MA; Gotor, FJ
Optical Materials, 117 (2021) 111121

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Mn2+-doped ZnSxSe1-x solid solution samples (Mn:ZnSxSe1-x) were synthesized by the mechanochemical process denoted as mechanically-induced self-sustaining reaction from Mn/Zn/S/Se powder elemental mixtures. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy and emission and excitation photoluminescence measurements. The band-gap energy of samples was controlled by changing the stoichiometry, x, of the solid solution. All samples showed the characteristic Mn2+ 4T1-6A1 emission at -588 nm when exciting the host material, so it was possible to tune the excitation wavelength from 349 nm to 467 nm. However, an efficiency loss was observed with increasing Se content, probably due to the overlap between the absorption and emission spectra that induced self-absorption and emission quenching.


Julio, 2021 | DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2021.111121

Archeometric characterization (physical-chemical and microstructural) of tiles in the Mudejar Palace of the Royal Alcazar of Seville using non-invasive quantitative chemical methods

Perez-Rodriguez, JL; Robador, MD; Castaing, J; de Viguerie, L; Garrote, MA; Pleguezuelo, A
Boletin de la Sociedad Española de Ceramica y Vidrio, 60 (2021) 211-228

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The Palaces in the Alcazar of Seville, Spain, are famous for their ceramic decoration. The technique of tessellation was used extensively in all rooms in the Mudejar Palace, dated in the fourteenth century. These glazed ceramics have been analysed in situ using noninvasive quantitative chemical methods of X-ray fluorescence and diffraction (XRF and XRD). Micro-samples were taken to prepare cross-sections and analysed by optical and electronic microscopy. The composition of these ceramics, their manufacturing technique and the time of application in the different areas of the Palace have been characterized in this work. Five colours have been found in the glazed ceramics: green, black, molasses, white and blue. Fe, Co, Cu, Mn and Sn are the main chemical elements responsible for the colour of the glass phase of these ceramics. Wollastonite, quartz, bustamite and feldspars inclusions have been found in the glass phase. Casiterite and Malayaite have been also characterized by XRD. The ceramic paste used for manufacturing was calcic and was heated at about 900 degrees C. Thenardite, gypsum, sodium chloride and nitrogen compounds have been characterized in the ceramic and are responsible for their alteration. The information obtained in the 24 zones studied shows that there is no homogeneity in the ceramics due to the different times in which the tiles were placed and the restorations carried out over time. There are 3 main groups of ceramics: a) probably from 14th century, b), probably from 15-16th centuries and c) from 19-20th centuries and recent restorations. 


Julio, 2021 | DOI: 10.1016/j.bsecv.2020.03.001

Fotocatálisis Heterogénea: Aplicaciones

Features of coupled AgBr/WO3 materials as potential photocatalysts

Puga, F.; Navío, J.A.; Hidalgo, M.C.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 867 (2021) 159191

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AgBr/WO3 composite photocatalysts with different selected molar AgBr/WO3 ratios were prepared and widely characterized by XRD, N2-adsorption, SEM, TEM, UV–visible/DRS and XPS techniques. The samples were tested using rhodamine B (RhB) or caffeine, under two illumination conditions (UV and visible light). Although AgBr and WO3 pristine materials have relatively low band gap values (2.6 eV and 2.8 eV, respectively), they exhibit low or no photocatalytic activity under visible light, at least for caffeine degradation. This fact may be mainly related to a high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers in these samples. However, the coupling of both leads to a substantial improvement in the degradation of caffeine and RhB under both UV and visible lighting conditions. The increased photocatalytic activity found in the coupled systems with respect to the pristine materials can be attributed to the formation of a type II heterostructure in the coupled AgBr/WO3 samples. Our results show that for AgBr/WO3 coupled systems, kinetic degradation profiles have clear dependence on the molar percentages of the coupled pristine materials, as well as on the nature (sensitizing or not sensitizing effect) of the substrate. For caffeine photodegradation, the best performance was obtained when AgBr/WO3(10–15%) catalysts were used. The AgBr/WO3(20%) sample showed the best photocatalytic activity for rhodamine B degradation, exhibiting also excellent dark adsorption capacity (40–45%). Additionally, studies of activity in five consecutive tests showed a good RhB degradation during the successive reuses being involving a N-de-ethylation mechanism with the main O2•− radicals participation; relatively low mineralization percentages were observed, both under UV and visible light conditions. In these successive runs, no silver leaching to the medium was observed but a change from AgBr towards Ag2CO3 and/or AgxO was produced at the catalyst surface. These features should be known in the use of these systems as potential photocatalysts for practical applications.


Junio, 2021 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159191

Materiales de Diseño para la Energía y Medioambiente

Swelling layered minerals applications: A solid state NMR overview

Pavon, E; Alba, MD
Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, 124 (2021) 99-128

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Swelling layered clay minerals form an important sub-group of the phyllosilicate family. They are characterized by their ability to expand or contract in the presence or absence of water. This property makes them useful for a variety of applications, ranging from environmental technologies to heteroge-neous catalysis, and including pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (SS-NMR) has been extensively applied in the characterization of these materials, providing useful information on their dynamics and structure that is inaccessible using other characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction. In this review, we present the key contributions of SS-NMR to the understanding of the mechanisms that govern some of the main applications associated to swelling clay minerals. The article is divided in two parts. The first part presents SS-NMR conventional applications to layered clay minerals, while the second part comprises an in-depth review of the information that SS-NMR can provide about the different properties of swelling layered clay minerals.


Junio, 2021 | DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.04.001

Química de Superficies y Catálisis

Dehydration of glucose to 5-Hydroxymethlyfurfural on bifunctional carbon catalysts

Bounoukta, CE; Megias-Sayago, C; Ammari, F; Ivanova, S; Monzon, A; Centeno, MA; Odriozola, JA
Applied Catalysis B-Environmental, 286 (2021) 119938

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The proposed study tries to reply on one important question concerning glucose dehydration: What is the role of bare or tandem Lewis/Bronsted acid sites in the reaction and which are better? A series of mono and bifunctional catalyst are designed and screened for the glucose dehydration reaction. The results clearly reveal that catalyst activity is a function of catalyst composition. The presence of Lewis sites the reaction toward first step isomerization, while the Brunsted acid dehydrate directly glucose to HMF via levoglucosane intermediate. This study proposed also a kinetic modelling of the included reactions and their contrast with the empirical observations.


Junio, 2021 | DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.119938

 

 

 

 

 

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